HUGHES
EXHIBIT CATALOGUE
CHARLES
EVANS HUGHES: THE ELEVENTH CHIEF JUSTICE
Introduction
Our
exhibit celebrates the anniversary of two notable dates
in the life of Charles Evans Hughes.
It
has been 70 years since President William Howard Taft
appointed Charles Evans Hughes to be the sixty-second
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States.
Fifty
years have elapsed since President Herbert Hoover chose,
and the Senate confirmed, Charles Evans Hughes as the
eleventh Chief Justice. Hughes succeeded Chief Justice
William Howard Taft, the man, who as President, had
placed Hughes on the Court as Associate Justice.
During
his eleven years as Chief Justice, the Court moved into
its first real home. Hughes presided over the opening
session in the new Supreme Court building on October
7, 1935--45 years ago.
Although
there is no time limitation on the exhibit, the opening
has been set to recognize these anniversaries.
To
Elizabeth Hughes Gossett I extend my personal thanks
for sharing with us her time and support, an insight
into her father, Charles Evans Hughes, and most of the
memorabilia included in this exhibit. Without her, the
exhibit could not have been possible. My thanks to Susanne
Owens, Assistant Curator, for preparing this catalogue
detailing the memorabilia of Charles Evans Hughes.
We
join many others in honoring Charles Evans Hughes on
the fiftieth anniversary of his appointment as Chief
Justice. In doing so, we pay tribute to him in the words
of Chief Justice Taft, "a man who does things and
does them right, a great Governor, a great judge and
a great Secretary of State." May we add, a great
Chief Justice.
Gail
Galloway
Curator
Lenders
to the Exhibit
Brown
University Archives
Providence,
Rhode Island
The
Chief Justice and Mrs. Burger
Helen
Hughes Campbell
Stonington,
Connecticut
The
Chapman Historical Museum
Glens
Falls, New York
School
of Law Columbia University
New
York City
Cornell
University
Manuscripts
and Archives Division
Ithaca,
New York
Diplomatic
Reception Rooms
Department
of State
Washington,
D.C.
Mr.
and Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
Library
of Congress
Washington,
D.C.
The
National Archives and Records Service
Washington,
D.C.
National
Museum of History and Technology
Smithsonian
Institution
Washington,
D.C.
Mr.
Ferdinand R. Petrie
Rutherford,
New Jersey
The
Supreme Court Historical Society
Washington,
D.C.
Acknowledgements
A
name that appears and reappears throughout the credits
for gifts and loans to the exhibit is that of Mrs. William
T. Gossett. Mrs. Gossett, nee Elizabeth Evans Hughes,
is the youngest child of Charles Evans Hughes, born
when her father served as governor of New York. From
1975 to 1980 Mrs. Gossett served as the president of
the Supreme Court Historical Society and over these
years she has made an extensive donation of material
related to the life of her father. For the purpose of
this exhibit, she has loaned still more. Not only the
source of material bounty, she also provides a unique
source of reflection upon Hughes, the public figure,
and Hughes as she knew him--the private person. But
for her, an exhibit of this scope on Charles Evans Hughes
would not have been possible. For her vitality as well
as her boundless generosity, we would like to express
the depth of our gratitude. To Mr. William Gossett we
also extend our deep appreciation.
The
efforts of many others have contributed to the preparation
of this exhibit. While it is impossible to name all
of those who took part, in particular we would like
to acknowledge the assistance of the following individuals
and institutions:
Mr.
and Mrs. George L. Campbell; Merlo J. Pusey; Martha
Mitchell, University Archivist, John McIntyre, Assistant
to the President, and Robert E. Hill, Associate Vice
President for Administration, Brown University; M. Joan
Gibson, Curator, Chapman Historical Museum in Glens
Falls, N.Y.; H. Thomas Hickerson, Chairman, University
Archives of Cornell University; Jon D. Freshour, Registrar,
the Library of Congress Exhibit Office; James E. O'Neil,
Acting Archivist, and Christine Rudy Smith, Education
Information Specialist, National Archives; Herbert F.
Collins, Curator, and Martha Morris, Registrar, the
National Museum of History and Technology; Clement E.
Conger, Curator, and Gail Serfaty, Curatorial Assistant,
the State Department; and Keith Allen of Todd/Allan
Printing Company.
For
their invaluable part in producing the exhibit, we are
indebted to the staff of the Office of Exhibits Central,
Smithsonian Institution. In particular we would like
to mention James Mahoney, Chief; John C. Widener, Chief
Production Administrator; Kenneth V. Young, Senior Designer;
Michael P. Fruitman, Editor; Kenneth R. Clevinger, Supervisor
of Fabrication Production; and the exhibit production
staff.
For
their dedicated hours and their inspired skill we would
like to thank Edward F. Douglas, Carpenter, and his
staff, Frank Howarth, Phil Wood, Sun-Hoe Ku, David Douglas,
and Bill McDonald.
We
would also like to thank Francis J. Lorson and Edward
H. Faircloth of the Clerks Office; Louis Cornio and
his staff in the Print Shop of the Supreme Court; the
staff of the Labor Force; and the officers of the Supreme
Court Police Force.
Special
mention should also be made of the following for their
generous assistance to the Curators Office: Judith McCollough,
Betsy Trumble, James M. Buchanan, Michael E. Gehringer,
Karen Bizier and Timothy B. Carey. To all of these persons
and to many who may not be named, we express our appreciation
for their contribution to this exhibit.
CHECKLIST
The
Early Years--1862-1905
SILK
BOOTIES
Embroidered
silk, 2-7/8 x 4 inches
Blue
embroidered baby booties worn by Hughes as an infant.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
FAMILY
PHOTOGRAPH, 1868 (panel)
Family
photograph of Hughes, age 6, with his parents, Rev.
David Charles Hughes and Mary Catherine Connelly Hughes.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
SPELLING
BOOK
23
pages, bound in red leather, 8-1/8 x 6 inches.
Short
Words to Read and Spell inscribed on the flyleaf
in pencil "My first spelling book--C.E.H."
Also inscribed in pen "To Helen from Grandma--Nov
30th 1894," when presented to Hughes' daughter
Helen, age 2, by his mother.
Loaned
by Helen Hughes Campbell (grand-daughter of Hughes)
Stonington,
Connecticut
LETTER,
1879
4
pages. Handwritten letter signed from Hughes to his
father, from Brown University, February 8th.
"
. . . Instead of the exact marks they give characters
in the following order--Ex for excellent, V.g. for very
good, g. for good. . . . There is one fellow who got
five ex's I hear. I guess he is the only one. Please
tell me what my marks are as I am quite anxious to know.
I think I ought to have two ex's at any rate. I don't
know, I may not have any." [not on exhibit the
college tuition bill for January 1881, where Hughes
himself attained five "ex's"]
Loaned
by Brown University Archives
Providence,
Rhode Island
PHI
BETA KAPPA KEY
Gold
key with chain, 14 inches long
Scholastic
honor which Hughes earned at the end of his junior year
at Brown University, 1880. Inscribed: "December
5th 1776/C.E. Hughes" Verso: ""
Loaned
by the School of Law, Columbia University
New
York City
POCKET
WATCH
Gold,
2-inch diameter
Watch
presented to Hughes by his students at the Columbia
College School of Law where he taught at night. It is
inscribed, "Charles E. Hughes from Classes '87
and '88. C.C.S. of L." (The Columbia College School
of Law became Columbia University School of Law in 1896.)
Loaned
by the School of Law, Columbia University
New
York City
TUITION
BILL, 1881
1
page
College
Half Term Bill of Charles Evans Hughes for the term
commencing September 15, 1880, and ending January 25,
1881, at Brown University, recording tuition due in
the amount of $25 (a fifty percent reduction for the
child of a minister).
Loaned
by Brown University Archives
Providence,
Rhode Island
LITHOGRAPH
Tinted
lithograph of Brown University as it appeared about
1880 when Hughes was a student there.
Loaned
by Brown University Archives
Providence,
Rhode Island
STUDENT
NOTEBOOK, 1882-1883
Bound
notebook 12-1/2 x 8 inches
Handwritten
notes by Hughes on Moot Court Cases 1882-1883, a course
taken at Columbia College Law School.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
STUDENT
NOTEBOOK
321
pages. Bound notebook, 9-1/2 x 8-1/4 inches
Handwritten
notes by Hughes described on page 3 as follows: "The
History of an Action. Lectures on the Code of Civil
Procedure of the State of New York by Prof. Theodore
W. Dwight./C.E. Hughes, Columbia Law School, Class of
1884."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CERTIFICATE
OF MARRIAGE (panel)
Certificate
of marriage of Miss Antoinette Carter and Charles E.
Hughes on December 5, 1888, signed by the pastor,
D.C. Hughes, father of the groom.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CERTIFICATE
OF MARRIAGE (panel)
Decorative
Certificate of marriage of the wedding ceremony held
at the home of Antoinette Carter's father in Brooklyn.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH
(panel)
Charles
Evans Hughes and his wife, Antoinette, photographed
at Mt. Vernon in Virginia, at the time of their honeymoon
in Washington, D.C.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MARRIAGE
ANNOUNCEMENT (panel)
Engraved
announcement of the marriage of Miss Antoinette Carter
to Charles Evans Hughes, December 5, 1888, and card
designating calling hours at the couple's new residence.
Loaned
by the Library of Congress
Washington,
D.C.
PHOTOGRAPH,
1888
Mr.
and Mrs. Charles Evans Hughes during the first month
of their marriage, December, 1888.
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
LETTER,
1891
2
pages. Handwritten copy of correspondence from Hughes
to Charles Kendall Adams, President, Cornell University.
Hughes'
draft of a letter dated June 9th accepting the offer
of a teaching post at Cornell University.
Loaned
by the Department of Manuscripts and University Archives
Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York
CERTIFICATE,
1900
Certificate
of admittance of Charles Evans Hughes to the U.S. Supreme
Court Bar, signed by James H. McKenney, Clerk of the
Court, dated January 8th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
Investigator/Governor--1905-1910
LETTER,
1906
2
pages. Handwritten draft from Special Assistant to the
Attorney General Hughes to Pres. Theodore Roosevelt
at the White House.
A
letter to the President concerning Hughes' resignation
as Special Assistant to the Attorney General in anticipation
of the upcoming gubernatorial election in which Hughes
was a candidate.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CAMPAIGN
BUTTONS AND RIBBONS, 1906 (panel)
Seven
buttons and two ribbons from Hughes' gubernatorial campaign.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPHS,
1906
Three
photographs of Hughes campaigning for the office of
governor of New York.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER,
1907
1
page. Typewritten letter signed to Gov. Hughes from
Pres. Theodore Roosevelt, the White House, January 6th.
"I
can not deny myself the pleasure of writing to congratulate
you as well as our party and our State upon your admirable
message and upon the admirable way in which you have
begun your term."
Loaned
by the Library of Congress
Washington,
D.C.
PHOTOGRAPH
Portrait
of Pres. Theodore Roosevelt
Reproduced
from the collection of the Library of Congress,
Washington,
D.C.
PHOTOGRAPH,
1908
Antoinette
Hughes and daughter, Elizabeth, born August 19, 1907,
the first baby ever born at the Executive Mansion in
Albany.
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
PHOTOGRAPH,
1908
Hand
colored photograph of Hughes with Gen. Frederick S.
Grant, at Pine Camp, New York.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEDALS,
1908-1909
Stuyvesant
Medal, 1908, gold, 2-1/2 inch diameter
Hudson-Fulton
Celebration Medal, 1909, sterling silver, 4 inch diameter
Hudson-Fulton
Celebration Medal, 1909, gold, 1-3/4 inch diameter
Three
medals made as presentations to Hughes while he served
as governor of New York.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1909 (panel)
Formal
portrait photograph of Hughes.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH
AND POSTCARD, 1909
Gov.
Hughes on horseback leading the New York delegation
at the inaugural parade for President Taft, March 4th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPHS
Two
photographs taken upon the occasion of a visit by President
Taft to Governor and Mrs. Hughes.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH
(panel)
President
Taft upon a visit to Gov. Hughes and family. After departing,
the President remarked to an aide, "I don't know
the man I admire more than Hughes," and subsequently
appointed him to the Supreme Court as an Associate Justice.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER,
1910
1
page. Typewritten letter signed to Mrs. Charles E. Hughes
from William Howard Taft, the White House, March 29th.
"I
shall always look back with the most delightful memories
upon my visit to the Executive Mansion [in Albany, NY],
and shall always treasure the friendship that was made
closer in the stay. . . ."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER,
1910 (panel)
1
page. Typewritten letter signed from Gov. Hughes to
Major J.M. Wright, the Marshal of the Supreme Court,
August 6th.
Hughes
explains that his judicial robe will be ordered from
the firm where Justices Peckham, Holmes, and Lurton
procured theirs.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
Associate
Justice--1910-1916
APPOINTMENT,
1910 (panel)
The
certificate of appointment of Charles E. Hughes as Associate
Justice of the United States Supreme Court, May 2nd,
signed by President William Howard Taft.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1910 (panel)
Charles
E. Hughes shown in his judicial robe.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER,
1910
3
pages. Typewritten letter signed from Gov. Hughes at
the Executive Chamber in Albany, to the Marshal of the
Court, Major J.M. Wright, August 16th.
"I
have leased for the next year the house No. 2401 Massachusetts
Avenue. . . . Various alterations are to be made in
the house. The present dining room, in the basement,
is to be converted into my office, and an alcove at
the north end is to be partitioned off for my secretary."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER,
1910
2
pages. Typewritten letter from M.C.T., a Court employee,
to J.M.W. [John Montgomery Wright, Marshal of the Supreme
Court], August 18th.
Correspondence
between the two refers to a letter from Gov. Hughes
about furnishing his Judicial Chamber before his arrival
in Washington. The chamber was being planned in his
private residence, as was the tradition before the Supreme
Court had a building of its own.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
JUDICIAL
AND CONSTITUTIONAL OATHS, 1910
As
a new Associate Justice, Hughes took two oaths of office,
each on the tenth day of October.
Loaned
by the National Archives and Records Service
Washington,
D.C.
PHOTOGRAPH,
circa 1910
A
formal portrait of Hughes in a suit, with his Phi Beta
Kappa key and chain showing inside his jacket.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
circa 1910
Charles
E. Hughes in his judicial robe.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
APPOINTMENTS,
1910, 1914
Appointments
for two stenographic clerks--the predecessor of today's
secretary and law clerk. Both clerks were appointed
to serve Associate Justice Hughes.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
OPINION,
1914
Cover
page of Houston, East & West Texas Railway Company
v. United States, 234 U.S. 342 (often called the
Shreveport Case).
The
Shreveport Case is generally regarded as one
of Hughes' most significant judicial opinions. By establishing
the power of the federal government to regulate intrastate
railway rates, the opinion had repercussions on industrial
expansion for the nation as a whole.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
JUDICIAL
CAP
Black
silk cap traditionally worn by the robed Justices at
outdoor functions.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
Presidential
Campaign--1916
CAMPAIGN
SPEECH, 1916
29
pages. Printed copy of Hughes' address on July 31st
accepting the Republican Nomination for President: "America
First, America Efficient."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PAMPHLET
of SPEECHES, 1916
35
pages. "Speeches of Hon. Charles Evans Hughes and
Hon. Nathan L. Miller and Platform Adopted at Republican
State Convention, Saratoga Springs, New York, September
28, 1916."
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
CAMPAIGN
BUTTONS, 1916
Four
Campaign buttons, three depicting heads of Hughes and
one depicting that of his opponent Woodrow Wilson.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
and
collection of the U.S. Supreme Court
CIGAR,
1916
9
inches long.
Large
cigar with wrapper promoting Hughes for President.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
ITINERARIES,
1916
Two
printed itineraries for cross country campaign trips
made by Hughes in his presidential bid.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
POSTCARDS
Four
postcard scenes of Republican presidential candidate,
Hughes, riding the railway campaign trail.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
PHOTOGRAPH,
1916
Postcard
portrait of Mrs. Hughes, wife of the Republican candidate
for President upon arrival in Spokane.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1916
Described
on the rear of the photograph by Elizabeth (Mrs. William
T. Gossett): "CEH, Republican presidential candidate,
summer 1916, with daughter, Elizabeth, 9 years old.
Bridgehampton, N.Y."
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett,
Birmingham,
Michigan
NEWSPAPER
PAGE, 1916 (panel)
The
New York Sun, Sunday, July 23rd.
Presidential
candidate Hughes with his wife and daughters, Elizabeth,
Helen, and Catherine, "photographed on the lawn
of their summer home at Bridgehampton, L.I."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPHS,
1916
Photographs
of Hughes campaigning while traveling to the Pacific
North Coast on the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
POSTER,
1916 (panel)
Campaign
poster issued by the Ohio Republican State Executive
Committee.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
CAMPAIGN
RIBBONS AND BADGES, 1916
Four
ribbons and medallions from Hughes' 1916 presidential
campaign.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
POSTER,
1916
"Preparedness-Protection-Posterity,"
a poster showing Republican candidate Hughes for President,
Charles W. Fairbanks for Vice-President, and other party
candidates.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
BALLOT,
1916
Sample
ballot for the November 7th election.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH
Woodrow
Wilson, the victor in the 1916 presidential race against
Hughes.
Reproduced
from the collections of the Library of Congress,
Washington,
D.C.
BENCH
and PHOTOGRAPH
Mahogany.
Restored
portion of the cascade of the Bench at which the Supreme
Court justices sat between the years 1860 and 1935.
The photograph shows the balustrade in its original
setting in the Old Senate Chamber (on the first floor
of the U.S. Capitol) where the Court held its sessions
before moving to the current site.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
Secretary
of State/World Statesman--1921-1929
ITALIAN
MEDAL, 1920
Royal
Decree of the Order of Cavalier of the Grand Cross,
decorated with the Grand Cordon of the Crown of Italy.
This
award was conferred on Hughes in honor of his service
as president of the Executive Committee for the society,
Italy-America, promoting cordial relations between the
two countries.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
APPOINTMENT,
1921 (panel)
Official
appointment of Hughes as Secretary of State by Pres.
Warren G. Harding, March 7th.Courtesy of the Supreme
Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1921
Sec.
of State Hughes and his wife, Antoinette, as they posed
at "Greystone," their home which overlooked
Rock Creek Park in Washington, D.C. The photographs
were taken just prior to the forthcoming conference
on the limitation of arms.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH,
1921 (panel)
First
official photograph of the Conference on the Limitation
of Armament, in D.A.R. Hall, Washington, D.C. showing
a view of the delegates, advisers, secretaries, interpreters,
stenographers and spectators at the opening session.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
SPEECH,
1921
27
pages.
Autographed
cover and final page of the speech Hughes presented
on the opening day of the Conference on the Limitation
of Armament, Washington, D.C., November 12th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1921
"The
Big Four--U.S. Delegates to Arms Conference--Washington,
D.C.--1921." Shown left to right are former Sec.
of State Elihu Root, Sen. Oscar Underwood, Hughes, Sen.
Henry Cabot Lodge, and American diplomat, Basil Miles.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
REPORT,
1922
132
pages.
Report
of the American Delegation of the Proceedings of the
Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Submitted
to the President/February 9, 1922.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEDALLION,
1922
Copper
hexagon, 5-1/2 inches across
Bas
relief medallion with an eagle surmounting a shield
engraved, "U.S.S. Maryland," over crossed
anchors. Also engraved, "Rio de Janiero to New
York/9-12-22 9-23-22/Charles E. Hughes/Secretary of
State/U.S.A."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEDALS,
1922
Centennial
of Brazilian Independence Medal, gold, 2-3/8 inch diameter
Brazil-Mexico
Centennial Award, silver, 2 inch diameter
Two
medals awarded to Hughes for his work as Secretary of
State in the area of U.S.-Latin American relations.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1923
Calvin
Coolidge, Hughes, and Republican Whip of the Senate,
Charles Curtis, at the Willard Hotel when Coolidge assumed
the presidency after the sudden death of President Harding.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
MEMORIAL,
1924
18
pages. (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1924)
"Memorial
Address in Honor of the Late President Warren G. Harding"
delivered by Secretary of State Hughes, February 27th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CERTIFICATE
OF AUTHORIZATION, 1924
Typed
document with official seal and signature of President
Calvin Coolidge empowering Hughes to conduct negotiations
to prevent liquor smuggling.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1924 (panel)
An
autographed photograph of the Coolidge Cabinet with
Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, Attorney General Harlan
Fiske Stone, Navy Secretary Curtis Wilbur, Secretary
of State Hughes, Agriculture Secretary Howard Gore,
War Secretary John Weeks, Labor Secretary James Davis,
Postmaster General Harry New, Interior Secretary Hubert
Work, an Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CARICATURE,
1925
A
caricature drawing by Massaguer of Hughes as ex-Secretary
of State and internationalist of world fame.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1925
A
photograph of Chief Justice Taft inscribed: "For
Charles E. Hughes, a man who does things and does them
right, a great Governor, a great judge and a great Secretary
of State. With affectionate admiration. [signed] W.H.
Taft/Washington, March 9, 1925."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PASSPORT,
1926
United
States diplomatic passport issued to former Secretary
of State Hughes, his wife, and daughter, May 16th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1927
Former
Associate Justice Hughes presenting the Cross of Honor
of the United States to Charles A. Lindbergh for
the American Flag Association, June 12th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1928
Inscribed
in the hand of Hughes, "Special Committee of Pan
American Conference at Washington, December, 1928, on
Bolivia-Paraguay incident. . . ."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
BILL
OF SALE, 1929
A
record of sale in the amount of 29 pounds (then equivalent
to approximately $140) from Kerslake & Dixon Tailors
in London, for a judicial robe. The robe was ordered
by Hughes to be worn while serving the International
Court of Justice. The robe referred to can be seen on
display.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1929
Hughes
robed as a judge for the International Court of Justice,
The Hague, Netherlands.
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
PHOTOGRAPH,
1929
The
World Court in session, hearing argument.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
LETTER
OF COMMENDATION, 1929
1
page. Typewritten letter signed to Hughes from Pres.
Coolidge, the White House, January 5th.
"This
is to express my appreciation again for your generous
and successful public service and to tell you how grateful
I am for all of it. Your representation of our interest
at Havana and again at Washington has been all that
our country could desire. . . ."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
Supreme
Court Nomination and Controversy--1930
PHOTOGRAPH
Autographed
formal photograph of Hughes.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
Chief
Justice--1930-1941
JUDICIAL
ROBE
Black
Silk.
Judicial
robe worn by Hughes as Chief Justice.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
APPOINTMENT,
1930 (panel)
The
certificate appointing Charles Evans Hughes as Chief
Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, February 13th, signed
by Pres. Herbert Hoover.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
JUDICIAL
AND CONSTITUTIONAL OATHS, 1930
The
two oaths of office taken by Hughes on Feb. 24th as
the new Chief Justice. Each oath is also signed by the
Senior Associate Justice, Oliver Wendell Holmes.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
APPOINTMENT,
1930
Typewritten
letter signed by Hughes designating Wendell W. Mischler
to serve as secretary to the Chief Justice at an annual
salary of $4,400.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH,
1931 (panel)
A
courtesy visit by the nine Supreme Court Justices, which
was traditionally made at the opening of each fall term.
The visit of President Hoover was paid on October 12th.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH
(panel)
Photograph
of Herbert Hoover inscribed, "To my good friend,
Charles E. Hughes, Chief Justice of the United States
from Herbert Hoover."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
DRAFT
OPINIONS (panel)
Printed
drafts of two opinions as they are circulated to each
Justice for review. Hughes has signed his agreement
on these two authored by Justice Butler.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
LETTER
1
page. Handwritten letter signed to Hughes from Oliver
Wendell Holmes, simply dated, Dec. 26/9:30 (p.m.).
"My
Dear Chief/ Will you please convey my thanks to Mrs.
Hughes for the pheasants one of which gave me good supper
this evening? I am not very available to write a pretty
letter to a lady and so ask a man of the world to do
which I cannot."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1931
Hughes
photographed with Oliver Wendell Holmes on the 8th of
March, Holmes' 90th birthday.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH,
1933 (panel)
Chief
Justice Hughes swearing in of Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt
at the beginning of FDR's first term, March 4, 1933.
(Beginning in 1937, inaugurations were held on January
20th.)
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEMORANDUM
AND LETTER, 1937
Memo
to the Chief Justice from his secretary, Mischler, in
reference to a letter from a woman that requests a stay
of execution of her daughter's marriage. Mischler asks
for guidance in responding to the letter, to which Hughes
replies: "Write saying that I have no authority
in the matter,/C.E.H."
Mischler's
letter in reply dated June 5th is also displayed.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MAGAZINE,
1937
Pages
30-35, LIFE magazine, March 8th.
Photographic
feature layout covering the major events in the life
of Hughes as a 75th birthday tribute to him: "The
Chief Justice of the United States has lived seventy
five years . . . and no man has ever doubted either
his brains or his character."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MAGAZINE,
1937
Volume
XXXIX, No. 9, March 1st
Cover
shot of Hughes on TIME magazine.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1938
Chief
Justice and Mrs. Hughes at the time of their 50th wedding
anniversary, December 5th.
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
PHOTOGRAPHS,
1939
Two
photographs of Chief Justice Hughes on March 4th, as
he addresses Congress on the occasion of its 150th anniversary.
The photographs seem to attest to the fact that he was
seriously ill although he gave his speech as planned.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
ADDRESS,
1939
1
page.
Address
made by Hughes to Congress at the 150th anniversary
meeting of First Congress of the United States, March
4th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PROGRAMS,
1940
Two
programs for the Sesquicentennial Celebration of the
Supreme Court on February 1st. One copy is autographed
by the nine justices then serving.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEMORANDUM,
1941
1
page. Typewritten memo to Chief Justice Hughes from
his secretary. W.W.M. (Wendell W. Mischler).
The
memo refers to the presentation of two tickets for seating
at the 1941 inauguration of Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
INAUGURATION
TICKETS, 1941
Two
tickets for seating at the inauguration of Pres. Franklin
D. Roosevelt and Vice President Henry A. Wallace. The
tickets were offered to Chief Justice and Mrs. Hughes
even though they would not be required since the Chief
Justice would be a participant in the ceremony, administering
the Presidential oath of office.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PHOTOGRAPH,
1941
Charles
Evans Hughes as he steps from a car, arriving for a
luncheon with the President on June 5th.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
The
New Deal Controversy
ORDER
OF THE COURT, 1935
1
page.
Typewritten
order initialed by Hughes to close the October term
of 1934: "All cases submitted and all business
before the Court at this term having been disposed of
. . ." Dated June 3, 1935.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
LETTER,
1936
1
page. Handwritten letter signed to Chief Justice Hughes
from Mrs. W.F. Arnold, Mentor, Ohio, December 4th.
A
letter of support by an American citizen in response
to the challenges of the New Deal: ". . .
It is our belief that during the next few year sour
beloved country will need you more than ever before.
May
God grant you health and many years to come, is the
prayer of one of your millions of admirers."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
ETCHING
Autographed
portrait of Hughes.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
"WHEELER"
LETTER, 1937
9
pages. Typewritten letter signed from Chief Justice
Hughes to Senator Burton K. Wheeler (D.-Mont.) March
21st.
This
widely publicized letter calmly rebutted an accusation
by Pres. Roosevelt that the Court was behind in its
work, calling for a plan of reform. Hughes replied:
"There is no congestion of cases upon our calendar.
This gratifying condition has obtained for several years.
We have been able for several terms to adjourn after
disposing of all cases which are ready to be heard."
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH,
1944 (panel)
An
autographed photograph of Hughes inscribed, "To
Wendell W. Mischler, my faithful Secretary and esteemed
friend. . . . October 10, 1944/Charles E.
Hughes"
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
Laying
of the Supreme Court Cornerstone
PHOTOGRAPH
Photograph
of William Howard Taft, who succeeded in acquiring the
necessary appropriation and plans to build a home for
the U.S. Supreme Court.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PLAQUE
Bronze
mounted on oak, 8-3/8 x 7 inches
Bas-relief
medallion of Cass Gilbert, the architect of the U.S.
Supreme Court Building
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
Gift
of Farnham Gilbert
PEN
Rosewood
pattern and color penholder with pen point, 8-1/2 inches
Pen
used by Cass Gilbert, the architect of the building,
and Hughes, to sign a contract for the U.S. Supreme
Court building.
Loaned
by the Smithsonian Institution
Washington,
D.C.
TROWEL,
1932
Silver
with mahogany handle, 11 inches long, 4 inches wide
Inscribed:
"Trowel used by the President in laying the cornerstone
of the building for the Supreme Court of the United
States at Washington, D.C., October 13, 1932.
The
Trowel is of silver and mahogany, furnished by the Architect
of the Capitol, made from articles long used in the
Supreme Court Chamber."
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPHS,
1932
The
construction of the Supreme Court building was well
under way before the laying of the cornerstone was scheduled.
Here, Hughes is shown speaking at the ceremony on October 13,
1932.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett and Collection of the U.S.
Supreme Court
PHOTOGRAPH,
1932
Chief
Justice Hughes and President Hoover at the placing of
the cornerstone of the U.S. Supreme Court building.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PROGRAM,
1932
Program
for "Laying of the Cornerstone for the Supreme
Court of the United States under the auspices of the
American Bar Association" Washington, D.C., October 13th.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
RULER
Architect's
ruler described as follows by the Marshal of the Court:
"Col. Strickler this 26th day of February 1936,
presented for our museum his ruler which had measured
the entire SCUS [Supreme Court] Building."
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
LETTER,
1932
1
page. Typewritten letter signed to Hughes, Chairman
of the Supreme Court Building Commission, from the Architect
of the Capitol, David Lynn, May 2nd.
Lynn
suggests inscriptions for the main frieze of the West
and East Porticos of the building.
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
MEMORANDUM,
1932
1
page. Initialed handwritten memo from Hughes in response
to the May 2nd letter from David Lynn, the Architect
of the Capitol.
Responding
to suggestions for the inscription for the West and
East Porticos of the Supreme Court building, Hughes
writes,"May 16, 1932/I rather prefer `Justice,
the Guardian of Liberty.'/C.E.H."
Collection
of the U.S. Supreme Court
Honors
and Memorials
LETTER,
1924
1
page. Typewritten letter signed to Hughes from Thomas
A. Edison, Orange, N.Y., October 23rd.
"It
gives me much pleasure to offer to you my felicitations
on your having been the recipient of the honorary degree
of Doctor of Laws, which was recently conferred upon
you by The University of the State of New York./With
esteem and good wishes, I remain/Yours sincerely,/Thomas
A. Edison"
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
DIPLOMA,
1924
Certificate
granting an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree upon Hughes
from the University of the State of New York, October 17th.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEMORIAL
CITATION
Paper
under Plexiglas, mounted on wood plaque, 14-3/4 x 12
inches.
"The
American Judicature Society Presents its Golden Anniversary
Award honoring the late Charles Evans Hughes in recognition
of services in promoting The Efficient Administration
of Justice. . . ."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
CITATION,
1940
Inter-Faith
award conferred on Hughes, December 27th, by the National
Conference of Christians and Jews in tribute to his
contribution toward the improvement of human relations.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEMORIAL,
1948
Leather-bound
five-page memorial, October 7th.
A
hand-lettered tribute from the Chamber of Commerce of
the State of New York, signed by the acting president,
John D. Rockefeller.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
INVITATION,
1949
An
invitation to a meeting of the bar of the Supreme Court,
to "taking appropriate Action in memory of the
late Mr. Chief Justice Hughes."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEMORIAL,
1950
Booklet,
138 pages.
"Proceedings
of the Bar and Officers of the Supreme Court of the
United States, November 4, 1949; Proceedings Before
the Supreme Court of the United States May 8, 1950.
In Memory of Charles Evans Hughes."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEDAL,
1958
Sterling
silver medal, 2 inch diameter, with red ribbon.
A
posthumous award to Hughes for "Leadership, Innovation,
Integrity, Vision." The medal was awarded in recognition
of Hughes' role as Chief Counsel to the Armstrong Insurance
Committee investigation of insurance operations in New
York State in 1905.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
MEDAL
Gold
Coin, 3-1/4 inch diameter
Theodore
Roosevelt Memorial Association medal awarded to Hughes
for "the administration of public office and the
development of public and International law."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PROGRAM,
1962
Program
for a Charles Evans Hughes Commemorative Stamp Ceremony,
April 11th. Autographed by Chief Justice Earl Warren,
Deputy Postmaster General William Brawley. Mrs. Elizabeth
Hughes Gossett, and Sylvester C. Smith, Jr., President-Elect,
American Bar Association. Note accompanying envelope
with first day issue stamp.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
PORTRAIT,
1924
Oil
canvas, 55 x 39-3/4 inches.
Portrait
of Hughes painted from life by Howard Chandler Christy.
Loaned
by the U.S. Department of State
Washington,
D.C.
SERVING
TRAY
Silver
plate, 17-1/4 x 23 inches.
Described
in the following inscription: "1860-1885/Presented
to Rev. D.C. & Mrs. M.C.C. Hughes [the parent of
Charles Evans Hughes] on November 20th 1885/The twenty
fifth anniversary of their wedding by members and friends
of the Summit Avenue Baptist Church. Jersey City, N.J."
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
TRI-HANDLED
BOWL
Silver,
11-1/2 inches high.
Inscribed:
"To the Hon. Charles Evans Hughes, Governor of
the State of New York, from his military staff, upon
the occasion of his retirement from office/October,
1910." On the opposite side of the bowl, the names
of the staff are listed.
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
WINE
EWER
Silver,
22-1/2 inches high.
Inscribed
to: "Charles Evans Hughes from The American Foreign
Service Association/ March 4th, 1925."
Courtesy
of the Supreme Court Historical Society
Gift
of Mrs. William T. Gossett
The
Hughes Family
MINIATURE
Miniature
framed behind glass in gold setting, 3-5/8 x 2-7/8 inches.
Portrait
miniature of Helen, eldest daughter of the Hughes family,
who died from tuberculosis in 1920, age 28.
Loaned
by Mrs. William T. Gossett
Birmingham,
Michigan
PHOTOGRAPH,
1920
Presidential
nominee Warren G. Harding and musical comedy entertainer
Al Jolson standing with Hughes. The black arm band seen
on Hughes was worn in mourning for the recent death
o
